ENHANCING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN AKWA IBOM STATE THROUGH HUMAN CAPACITY STRENGTHENING FOR EFFECTIVE EXTENSION SERVICE DELIVERY

Abstract

The agricultural sector is pivotal for poverty alleviation and economic development in developing countries, where a significant portion of the population relies on farming for their livelihoods. Agricultural extension services are essential in this sector, providing farmers with vital information, advice, and training to enhance productivity and rural well-being. This study investigates the state of human capacity strengthening within agricultural extension services in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, and identifies the constraints faced in this regard. Using a multi-stage random sampling technique, 90 extension agents from the Abak Agricultural Zone were surveyed. The analysis revealed that the extension workforce boasts a solid educational background (78% with tertiary education) and a mix of experience levels (majority 40-50 years old with 5-10 years of service). Additionally, a high percentage of agents have participated in various capacity-building activities, reflecting a commitment to improvement. Key constraints include inadequate funding, poor communication channels, insufficient training materials, unskilled mentorship, and inadequate incentives, all of which hinder the effectiveness of extension services. The study finds that comprehensive human capacity strengthening—encompassing on-the-job training, targeted needs-based training, mentorship programs, and collaborations with research institutes—positively impacts extension service delivery. However, addressing the identified constraints is crucial for optimizing these services. Recommendations include increased funding, enhanced training programs, improved communication strategies, structured mentorship, and better incentive structures. Implementing these measures can significantly bolster the effectiveness of agricultural extension services, leading to improved agricultural productivity and rural livelihoods in Akwa Ibom State.