ASSESSING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF OIL PALM FARMERS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE- INDUCED SHOCK ADAPTATION IN ABIA STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

The study assessed the adaptive capacity of oil palm farmers in Abia State, Nigeria, to climate change-induced shocks. Using a multi-stage sampling approach, data were collected from 179 farmers through a structured questionnaire. Key focus areas included the occurrence of climate-related shocks, farmers’ adaptive capacity, knowledge of sustainable strategies, and challenges faced. Analysis using a Likert-type scale revealed that farmers frequently experienced erratic rainfall (3.77), extreme temperatures (3.50), pests and diseases (3.20), heatwaves (3.12), and droughts (3.00). High levels of adaptive capacity were noted, particularly in the use of traditional knowledge (3.59) and risk management strategies (3.34). Farmers also demonstrated strong knowledge of soil conservation techniques (4.00), soil fertility management (3.88), water management (3.58), and integrated pest management (3.50), indicating their preparedness to mitigate climate impacts. However, major constraints affecting adaptation efforts included land tenure issues (4.66), inadequate capital (4.75), and poor financial status (4.58). Correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship (r = 0.3743, p < 0.05) between adaptive capacity and farmers' knowledge of mitigation strategies, suggesting that better- informed farmers are more capable of managing climate risks. The study concludes by advocating for improved access to climate information, continuous training (especially for women), stronger collaboration among stakeholders, and policies that enhance access to land and other production resources. These measures are essential for boosting the sustainability, productivity, and resilience of oil palm farming in the face of climate change.