Determinants of Climate-Smart Agriculture Uptake among Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP) Growers in Abia State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigated the determinants of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) uptake among orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) growers in Abia State, Nigeria. Using a proportional stratified sampling technique, data were collected from 179 respondents through structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics described farmers’ socio-economic profiles and climate change impacts, while a 3-point Likert type scale assessed perceptions of CSA practices. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified commonly adopted CSA strategies and key constraints, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression along with Z-tests were used to analyze socio-institutional factors influencing adoption and variations among farmer groups. Findings revealed that the majority of respondents experienced climate-related challenges, including increased rainfall (82.1%), higher temperatures (62.6%), prolonged drought (64.8%), and a generally hotter environment (59.8%). In response, farmers adopted soil management practices such as organic manure (0.6638), inorganic fertilizer (0.6068), and ridge/mound planting (0.4458), as well as crop-focused practices like improved varieties (0.6725) and altered planting dates (0.4165). Constraints to CSA uptake included high labor costs (0.4083) and limited access to extension services (0.5210). Regression results showed that farming experience, occupation, and location were negatively associated with CSA uptake, whereas income, training participation, and land ownership were positively and significantly related. The study recommended enhanced training and capacity building, improved access to credit and subsidized inputs, and effective implementation of land-use policies to strengthen CSA adoption and build resilience among OFSP farmers in the region.

Keywords: Climate-smart agriculture; Orange-fleshed sweet potato; Adoption determinants; Climate change adaptation; Smallholder farmers